Checklist for providers treating children 18 years of age and younger.

This handout for healthcare providers provides an overview of the management and treatment-related recommendations contained in the CDC Pediatric mTBI Guideline.

This handout for healthcare providers describes prognosis-related recommendations contained in the CDC Pediatric mTBI Guideline.

This handout for healthcare providers describes diagnosis-related recommendations contained in the CDC Pediatric mTBI Guideline.

Children 0-3 years old, present with a total distinctive pathology than adults. Children with head injury must be addressed to a pediatric department of neurosurgery and pediatric intensive care unit. Prophylaxis plays the most important role in improving the outcome.

Revised evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury in pediatric patients. This update includes 22 recommendations. New recommendations on neuroimaging, hyperosmolar therapy, analgesics and sedatives, seizure prophylaxis, temperature control/hypothermia, and nutrition are provided.

Preclinical research utilizes an innovative combination of models of early-life TBI and SUD to recapitulate clinical features and to determine how TBI promotes a risk for the development of SUD.

The CDC guideline includes 19 sets of recommendations on the diagnosis, prognosis, and management/treatment of pediatric mTBI that were assigned a level of obligation (ie, must, should, or may) based on confidence in the evidence. Recommendations address imaging, symptom scales, cognitive testing, and standardized assessment for diagnosis; history and risk factor assessment, monitoring, and counseling for prognosis; and patient/family education, rest, support, return to school, and symptom management for treatment.

Early and continued exposure to TBI, abuse, violence, and/or neglect with continued maladaptive behaviors suggests that the participants may have experienced changes in brain structure and function over their lives that provided the milieu for continued vulnerability to personal and future injury to future generations.